Hogfish
Lachnolaimus maximus
At a Glance
Avg Length
22"
Avg Weight
5 lbs
World Record
21.2 lbs
Habitat
Shallow Coral Reefs
About the Hogfish
Hogfish (Lachnolaimus maximus) inhabits shallow coral reefs. Popular technique: bottom fishing using sea urchin, shrimp.
The Hogfish is one of the most recognizable saltwater species in North American waters, classified scientifically as <em>Lachnolaimus maximus</em>. It belongs to the Reef Fish group, most commonly found in shallow coral reefs environments. Anglers target this species for both sport and table fare, and it appears across a broad range of water bodies throughout the United States.
A typical Hogfish runs 22 inches in length and weighs around 5 pounds, though fish in prime habitat regularly exceed these averages. The all-tackle world record stands at 21.2 lbs, set at Florida Keys, making it a legitimate target for anglers chasing personal bests. Conservation status varies by region — check local regulations before keeping fish, as some waters have slot limits or catch-and-release requirements in place.
Habitat & Range
Primary habitat: Shallow Coral Reefs.
The Hogfish thrives across a wide range of saltwater environments throughout North America. Seasonal movements are driven by water temperature — fish tend to move into shallower water during spring and fall feeding periods, and push deeper or seek cover during the heat of summer and cold of winter. Understanding these patterns is critical to locating fish consistently across the season.
How to Fish for Hogfish
Best bait: Sea Urchin, Shrimp.
Technique: Bottom Fishing.
Match your presentation to the season and conditions. In clear water, downsize your bait and slow your retrieve. In stained or muddy water, switch to high-contrast colors and add vibration. Early morning and evening are the most productive windows during summer months. During spawning season, fish become highly territorial and will strike out of aggression as well as hunger.
World Record
The all-tackle world record Hogfish weighed 21.2 lbs, caught at Florida Keys. This record represents the upper end of what this species achieves under ideal conditions. Most anglers targeting personal bests focus on proven trophy waters with the right combination of habitat, forage base, and light fishing pressure.
State Regulations
Regulations vary by state and water body. Before fishing for Hogfish, verify current size limits, bag limits, and open seasons with your state fish and wildlife agency. Check your state's fishing license requirements and season dates at the FishLog Fishing License guide.
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